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  Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906)

              THE HAUNTED OAK

    PRAY why are you so bare, so bare,
        Oh, bough of the old oak-tree;
    And why, when I go through the shade you throw,
        Runs a shudder over me?

    My leaves were green as the best, I trow,
        And sap ran free in my veins,
    But I saw in the moonlight dim and weird
        A guiltless victim's pains.

    I bent me down to hear his sigh;
        I shook with his gurgling moan,
    And I trembled sore when they rode away,
        And left him here alone.

    They'd charged him with the old, old crime,
        And set him fast in jail:
    Oh, why does the dog howl all night long,
        And why does the night wind wail?

    He prayed his prayer and he swore his oath,
        And he raised his hand to the sky;
    But the beat of hoofs smote on his ear,
        And the steady tread drew nigh.

    Who is it rides by night, by night,
        Over the moonlit road?
    And what is the spur that keeps the pace,
        What is the galling goad?

    And now they beat at the prison door,
        "Ho, keeper, do not stay!
    We are friends of him whom you hold within,
        And we fain would take him away

    "From those who ride fast on our heels
        With mind to do him wrong;
    They have no care for his innocence,
        And the rope they bear is long."

    They have fooled the jailer with lying words,
        They have fooled the man with lies;
    The bolts unbar, the locks are drawn,
        And the great door open flies.

    Now they have taken him from the jail,
        And hard and fast they ride,
    And the leader laughs low down in his throat,
        As they halt my trunk beside.

    Oh, the judge, he wore a mask of black,
        And the doctor one of white,
    And the minister, with his oldest son,
        Was curiously bedight.

    Oh, foolish man, why weep you now?
        'Tis but a little space,
    And the time will come when these shall dread
        The mem'ry of your face.

    I feel the rope against my bark,
        And the weight of him in my grain,
    I feel in the throe of his final woe
        The touch of my own last pain.

    And never more shall leaves come forth
        On the bough that bears the ban;
    I am burned with dread, I am dried and dead,
        From the curse of a guiltless man.

    And ever the judge rides by, rides by,
        And goes to hunt the deer,
    And ever another rides his soul
        In the guise of a mortal fear.

    And ever the man he rides me hard,
        And never a night stays he;
    For I feel his curse as a haunted bough,
        On the trunk of a haunted tree.

 


At least 3,446 African Americans were lynched between 1882 and 1968. In the 1960s, murder was still used as a tool to suppress civil rights workers, both black and white: Medgar Evers was assassinated June 12, 1963; Michael Schwerner, James Chaney, and Andrew Goodmen were murdered on June 21, 1964; and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated on April 4th, 1968. Even in 2003, 2,548 hate crimes against African Americans were reported by the FBI, including 4 murders. An additional 4,941 crimes (including 10 murders) were committed that year because of the victims race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disability.

Paul Laurence Dunbar was America's first professional black literary man (Braxton, ix). The above poem appeared in Dunbar's 1903 collection Lyrics of Love and Laughter. It can also be found in:

  • Dunbar, Paul Laurence. The Collected Poetry of Paul Laurence Dunbar. Joanne M. Braxton, ed. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993.